I. Introduction

Yacht, is a kind of water recreation with advanced consumer durables. It combines the functions of navigation, sports, entertainment and leisure in one, to meet the needs of individuals and families to enjoy life. In developed countries, yachts like cars are mostly privately owned, while in developing countries, yachts are mostly used as parks, tourist attractions for people to consume business projects, a small number of also as a port supervision, border control means of work. The yacht is a recreational tool this essential feature, so that it is different from the high-speed boat as a means of transport and tourism passenger ship. Yacht club emerged in the 18th century in England, early for the noblemen among the ship enthusiasts to provide a ship mooring, repair, replenishment of small dock. With the development of industrial civilization, the scale of the dockyard expanded and gradually evolved into a gathering place for the upper class of society. The original simple functions could no longer meet their growing needs for entertainment, socializing, business and other aspects. As a result, a yacht club integrating catering, entertainment, accommodation, business, boat mooring, repair and maintenance, supplies, driving training and other multi-functional prototype came into being. Yacht clubs flourished in developed countries in the West after World War II.

Second, the types of yachts

1, according to the size of the classification: according to international standards yacht specifications are calculated in feet, from the size of the size is divided into three kinds: 36 feet for small yachts, 36-60 feet for medium-sized yachts, more than 60 feet for large luxury yachts. There are small boats (less than 6 meters), small yachts (between 6 and 10.5 meters), medium-sized yachts (between 10.5 and 18 meters), large yachts (more than 18 meters). Large luxury yachts in the scale of 35 to 40 meters, 41 to 44 meters, 45 to 49 meters, 50 to 54 meters and 55 to 60 meters five levels.

2, classified by origin: Italy: the design reflects the romantic style, luxury, elegance represents the trend of modern yachts. The United States: reflecting personal taste, pay attention to the personalized design of the self. Britain: British yachts have a strong classical aristocratic atmosphere. Taiwan: Taiwan's yachts are more casual, more suitable for most Chinese, currently 70% of Hong Kong's yachts are produced in Taiwan, and Taiwan's brands are selling well in the United States. Others are French, in China, Hong Kong due to the number are relatively small, the visibility is not very high. In addition, the domestic yacht manufacturers, most of them are some foreign enterprises in China's production base, and currently are not on a certain scale, has not yet formed a brand, but from a long-term perspective, the domestic yacht manufacturers are bound to form their own brand.

3, according to the functional classification: there are leisure boats, business and social boats, racing boats, fishing boats, series of private boats, patrol boats, port supervision boats, etc.. Strictly speaking, the latter three are contrary to the nature of the yacht, but from the scale of construction, technically speaking, the same as the yacht, some people also put them in the yacht category. Sports yachts, such yachts are small yachts can also be said to be speedboats, such yachts are generally designed to speed as a selling point, and the price is low, so there is a very large market among young people.　 Leisure yachts, most of these yachts are purchased by families as family vacations. Generally, they are mainly 30 feet to 45 feet yachts, designed with the convenience of family use in mind, and decorated with a family atmosphere as a selling point, and the market is also dominated by this type of yachts.　Business yachts, these yachts are generally large size yachts, decorated with luxury, can also be said to be luxury yachts, generally used for large corporate groups, the bosses to buy mostly used for business meetings, company parties, small PARTY.

4, divided by quality: there are high-grade luxury yachts, family-type luxury yachts, mid-range ordinary yachts and cheap yachts. High-grade luxury yacht, the boat is more than 35 meters long, the boat is equipped with the most modern communication and navigation systems, the cabin is equipped with high-grade materials such as teak, leather, gold-plated small hardware, stainless steel handrails, high-grade carpets, high-grade furniture, modern electrical equipment, antiques, paintings, special lighting design and other facilities, from the inside to the outside of the lining of the luxury atmosphere. This kind of yacht is not only for family members to enjoy, but also an ideal place for owners to conduct business, handle daily work and social activities, as well as a trump card for owners to show their financial strength to VIPs or rivals. The price of such luxury yachts ranges from millions of dollars, some up to tens of millions of dollars. The consumers are mainly aristocrats and businessmen. Family-type luxury yacht scale is generally more than 13.5 meters, it is a novel design, the choice of materials, structure and manufacturing technology precision, the use of brand-name equipment and facilities, comfortable layout, the unit price of more than 300,000 U.S. dollars. Mid-range ordinary yacht scale is generally 9 to 13.5 meters, single boat price in the range of 5 to 200,000 U.S. dollars, this kind of yacht quality moderate, the consumer market is broad. Cheap yacht scale below 9 meters, single-boat price below 50,000 U.S. dollars, this yacht sales volume is the largest.

5, according to the type of power: there is no power boat, sail boat, motor boat. Sailboat is divided into unassisted power sailboat and auxiliary power sailboat. Motor boats are also divided into outboard-mounted boats and inboard-mounted boats. Inboard motor boats can also be divided into small motor boats and luxury boats of two grades.

6, divided by material: wooden boats, fiberglass boats, Kevlar fiber reinforced composite boats, aluminum boats and steel boats. At present, fiberglass boats account for the vast majority of racing boats, sailing boats, luxury boats using Kevlar enhanced materials more; aluminum boats in outboard hook-up boats and large luxury yachts accounted for a certain proportion; steel boats in more than 35 meters of ocean-going large luxury yachts accounted for a larger proportion.

7, according to the structure of the boat: there are small open boats, small motorboats, water skiing, half cabin yachts, liveaboard yachts, sail boats and personal dinghies (also known as jet skis). Small open boat with a narrow deck, can take 1 to 6 people, equipped with oars and oar forks, or propelled by outboard hookups, length between 1.8 meters to 5 meters. Small motorboat is also open, with a small front deck, windshield, steering wheel, seats for 4 to 6 people, with outboard hookups or water jet propulsion for power, length between 3.7 meters to 7.3 meters. Water ski boat and small motorboat similar, designed and equipped for water skiing, smooth appearance, the first pointed thin, narrow hull, low dry side, length of 4.3 ~ 8.5 meters. Half cabin shed yacht, with an open rear fixed cabin shed, can be accommodated on board, outboard engine or inboard engine drive, length in 4.3 ~ 8.5 meters. Liveaboard yacht, with a fully enclosed liveaboard, larger, according to the needs of the owner can be configured with various grades of equipment and facilities, such as kitchen, sleeping gear, bar, washroom, using the inboard engine for power, length in 5.5 meters or more. Sail boat, designed with enough area of sail equipment as propulsion with, the boat length 5.8 ~ 38 meters. Water motorcycle this personal dinghy is divided into two types of sitting and standing, the buyer is mostly young people, production and sales.

Third, the yacht's supporting facilities

The yacht's facilities are generally customized according to the yacht owner's own needs, especially for small and medium-sized yachts, but usually the yacht's facilities are generally designed to support the function of the yacht. Yachts according to the type and function of different, inside the supporting facilities are not the same, there are roughly the following categories: small and medium-sized yachts are generally set up the following functions: the lower level of the indoor space, there is a master room, guest rooms, bathrooms; the middle level has a living room, driving compartment and kitchen, tailgate road deck platform; the upper level has an open-air lookout and driving deck, in order to be protected from the sun and rain, generally also set up a soft canopy; in the power and Technology, equipped with engines, generators, radar, professional instruments, telephone communication equipment, cooling equipment, household appliances, and even satellite navigation systems. On the whole, the yacht is a modern dialectic and family leisure as one of the sea flow of the apartment, it has the overall functional characteristics at sea, can be used on it as a family leisure life, but also can be used when friends gather or banquet friends and customers, which fully reflects the high quality of modern life and people's high taste and style. According to the different functions, the facilities inside are also slightly different. The sport type is generally equipped with high-powered engines, and the facilities inside may be simpler, while the leisure type will pay more attention to family taste, such as: kitchen, guest rooms, karaoke equipment, electronic game room, extended fishing stern, etc. to meet the family atmosphere at leisure. Large yacht interior decoration is very high-grade luxury, pay more attention to the installation of communication equipment, conference equipment, public defending equipment, fully reflecting the needs of modern enterprise defending public.

Four, the price of the yacht

Yacht prices range from hundreds of thousands to tens of millions, large luxury yacht prices are generally tens of millions of yuan, medium-sized yachts in more than two million, small yachts from a few hundred thousand to two million, with the size of the yacht, the increase in the degree of luxury inside the decoration, the price also increased. Different yacht origin price difference, generally speaking, the yacht made in Taiwan is 2/3 of the price of the yacht made in the United States, is half of Italy, the British yacht prices are higher.

Five, the conditions of consumption of yachts

Yacht consumption is conditional. First of all, to have a high income, which is the economic basis for yacht consumption. Yachts are expensive, luxury goods. To consume yachts, not only can afford to buy, but also requires a place to store yachts at home, a yacht trailer, a car to pull the yacht trailer between home and the waterfront, or can afford to pay the rent and maintenance costs of storing yachts in the marina. The second is the abundance of water resources, which is the natural basis for yacht consumption. Yachts are a kind of water recreational products, long coastline, many rivers and lakes for its consumption space. The United States and Canada developed yacht industry, yacht consumption market is one of the main reasons is that they have east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Pacific Ocean, inland lakes many natural geographic conditions. The fact that there are more than 20 yacht factories in the Changzhou area of China surrounded by several large lakes can also be derived from this aspect of inspiration. Again, the tradition and customs of water sports and recreation.

Six, the characteristics of yacht production

1. Highly sophisticated design. Yachts such as fashion, handicrafts, especially luxury yachts is a sign of consumer status, status, and therefore the design requirements are very high. Many yacht manufacturers hire world-famous yacht designers to design or buy the designs of world-famous designers in order to improve the visibility and enhance competitiveness. Italy has the world's leading yacht design connoisseurs who are dedicated to luxury in style and form. One of the reasons for the rapid development of Taiwan's yacht industry is that it spares no expense to hire world-famous designers to design for it.

2. Materials, equipment and accessories are chosen with great care. Yacht consumption in the sea, water, it requires not only beautiful, comfortable, but also requires strong safety performance. Therefore, there are special requirements for hull materials, boat equipment, boat decorative accessories. Such as hull materials to have sufficient rigidity and strength, not easy to deformation, damage, equipment requires the use of yacht-specific equipment. The interior materials and hardware are much more advanced than those used on general ships. Timber more teak, hardware outfitting using a large number of stainless steel products, gold-plated products and silver products and a variety of shockproof, anti-seawater corrosion of the glass.

3. Fine production and decoration. Yachts not only require beautiful design, internal equipment components high-grade, and the interior decoration is very careful, a lot of decoration work in the field, mainly by hand decoration, difficult, long period. Most foreign yacht manufacturers' decoration workers are quite high quality, the vast majority of them are 40 to 50 years old, and many of them are hereditary. In order to explain to Chinese yacht decoration workers the high requirements on yacht decoration, a foreigner took them to visit a five-star hotel and told them to treat every single thing on the boat as a craft. It is because of the high texture of materials, equipment and accessories used in yachts, the large amount of hand-made labor, strong craftsmanship, complexity and other characteristics that make it expensive and become a high value-added, high-profit product.